H2O Composition Summary
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Find number of electrons, protons and neutrons in 0.01 mole of H2O
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To determine the number of electrons, protons, and neutrons in 0.01 mole of H2O (water), we need to consider the composition of a water molecule.
The formula for water is H2O, which indicates that each molecule of water consists of two hydrogen atoms (H) and one oxygen atom (O).
Number of electrons:
Each hydrogen atom has one electron, and the oxygen atom has eight electrons. Since there are two hydrogen atoms in each water molecule, the total number of electrons in one water molecule is 2 (hydrogen) + 8 (oxygen) = 10 electrons.
To find the number of electrons in 0.01 mole of water, we multiply the Avogadro constant (6.022 x 10^23) by the number of moles:
Number of electrons = 0.01 mole x (6.022 x 10^23 electrons/mole) = 6.022 x 10^21 electrons.
Number of protons:
Each hydrogen atom has one proton, and the oxygen atom has eight protons. Since there are two hydrogen atoms in each water molecule, the total number of protons in one water molecule is 2 (hydrogen) + 8 (oxygen) = 10 protons.
To find the number of protons in 0.01 mole of water, we use the same calculation as above:
Number of protons = 0.01 mole x (6.022 x 10^23 protons/mole) = 6.022 x 10^21 protons.
Number of neutrons:
To determine the number of neutrons, we need to consider the atomic masses of the atoms. The atomic mass of hydrogen is approximately 1 atomic mass unit (amu), and the atomic mass of oxygen is approximately 16 amu.
The water molecule (H2O) consists of two hydrogen atoms (2 x 1 amu) and one oxygen atom (16 amu). Therefore, the total atomic mass of one water molecule is 2 (hydrogen) + 16 (oxygen) = 18 amu.
The number of neutrons can be calculated by subtracting the number of protons (which is the atomic number) from the atomic mass:
Number of neutrons = Atomic mass - Number of protons.
For water, the number of neutrons in one molecule is 18 amu - 10 protons = 8 neutrons.
To find the number of neutrons in 0.01 mole of water, we use the same calculation as above:
Number of neutrons = 0.01 mole x (6.022 x 10^23 neutrons/mole) = 6.022 x 10^21 neutrons.
Therefore, in 0.01 mole of H2O, there are approximately:
6.022 x 10^21 electrons,
6.022 x 10^21 protons,
6.022 x 10^21 neutrons.
