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in C++ by (106k points)
Can encapsulation be bypassed in C++?

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In general, encapsulation in C++ cannot be bypassed if it is implemented correctly. Private members cannot be accessed directly from outside the class. However, there are ways to bypass encapsulation, such as using friend functions or using pointers to access private members. These techniques should be used judiciously and only when absolutely necessary, as they can potentially compromise the integrity and encapsulation of the class.

Example using a friend function:

class EncapsulatedClass {
private:
    int privateData;

    friend void friendFunction(EncapsulatedClass& obj);

public:
    // Other public methods...
};

void friendFunction(EncapsulatedClass& obj) {
    obj.privateData = 10;  // Accessing private member using friend function
}
 

In the above example, the friendFunction is declared as a friend function inside the class. It can access the private members of the EncapsulatedClass directly, bypassing encapsulation.

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