Liverworts :
- Thallus dorsoventrally flattened (Liver shaped), leafy members with leaf like appendages.
- Asexual reproduction by fragmentation , gemmae formation.
- Sexual reproduction - antheridia and archegonia produced.
- Antherozoids fuse with egg to form zygote which give rise to Sporophyte.
- Sporophyte - with foot, seta & capsule.
- Spores give rise to new plant (gametophyte). eg. Riccia, Marchantia etc.
Mosses :
Thallus : Two stages (gametophyte) –
(a) Thread like Protonema
(b) erect Leafy stage.
- Reproduction : Vegetative by Fragmentation of protonema & Sexual by antherozoids &egg.
- Zygote forms Sporophyte with foot, seta &capsule.
- Sporophyte forms spores which germinate to form protonema.
eg. Funaria, Polytrichum etc.