With reference to India, consider the following electoral systems:
1. System of direct election on the basis of adult suffrage.
2. System of proportional representation by means of single transferable vote.
3. List system of proportional representation.
4. Cumulative system of indirect representation.
Which of these have been adopted for various elections in India?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
