Management provide a separation between the managerial positions of the organization. The administrative rank of an organization worker determines the extent of authority, the status enjoyed and the chain of command that can be controlled by the worker.
There are three levels of management are :
1. Top-Level Management
2. Middle-Level Management
3. Low-level Management
1. Top-Level Management :
It is also referred to as the administrative level. They coordinate services and are keen on planning. The top-level management is made up of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and the Chief Operating Officer (COO) or the President and the Vice President. The Top level management controls the management of goals and policies and the ultimate source of authority of the organization. They apply control and coordination of all the activities of the firm as they organize the several departments of the enterprise which would include their budget, techniques, and agendas.
2. Middle-Level Management :
The main task of middle managers is to carry out plans which are a brainchild of top managers. Additionally, they are responsible for extracting work productivity out of first-line managers. This means that middle managers are subordinate to top managers and superior to first-line managers. Division heads, plant superintendents and operations managers qualify as middle managers. They are responsible for proper implementation of plans laid out by the top managers. Also, they are required to ensure proper functioning of their department by assigning duties, ensuring that their department has proper personnel, motivating their subordinates and cooperating with other departments for smooth functioning of the organisation.
3. Low-level Management :
It is also referred to as the supervisory or the operative level of managers. They oversee and direct the operative employees. They spend most of their time addressing the functions of the firm, as instructed by the managers above them.
The lower level managers are the first line of managers as they feature at the base of operations, so they are essential personnel that communicates the fundamental problems of the firm to the higher levels.
Functions of Management
Planning :
Planning is the very first functions of management. Management helps in deciding the way ahead for any organisation. It involves deeply analysing the market trends and accordingly making moves and plans. Basically, it means setting goals and developing a method to achieve them efficiently.
Organising :
Once a plan is laid out, it’s proper implementation lies somewhat in the next functions of management. This function helps in establishing authorities, dividing workloads, assigning responsibilities, grouping tasks and allocating resources.
Staffing :
This simply means finding and building the appropriate staff. Until and unless the right people aren’t employed the correct completion of tasks will remain a distant dream. Hence this management function ensures that suitable staff is available when needed by the organisation for completion of tasks. Also known as human resource function, it involves recruitment, placement, selection and training.
Directing :
This functions of management involve guiding the team towards the right direction by leading. motivating and encouraging them. Working in a positive environment of motivation and encouragement brings out the best in people. Hence a good manager makes sure to encourage or criticise his/her subordinates at suitable times to maintain an atmosphere of willingness to work.
Controlling :
Finally, a manager needs to ensure that standards are being met by the company. The controlling function involves setting up performance standards, measuring performances and comparing them to the established standards. Every good organisation sets a benchmark for performance which is required to be fulfilled. It is a managerial function to keep this in check.
