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Semiconductors are fourth group elements in periodic table. Silicon (Si), Carbon (C) and Germanium (Ge) at are fourth group elements in periodic table. Which of the following statement is correct? 

(1) All are semiconductors 

(2) Only Si and Ge are semiconductors 

(3) Only carbon is semiconductor 

(4) Carbon (C) and Germanium are semiconductors

1 Answer

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Best answer

Correct option : (2) Only Si and Ge are semiconductors

Explanation: 

Only Si and Ge are semiconductors carbon is an insulator. The energy gap for Si and Ge is nearly 1.1 eV and 0.7 eV respectively. However energy gap in carbon is nearly 5.5 eV. This difference arises because electrons (valency) in carbon are present in second orbit. The attractive force on them due to nucleus is quite strong. The valency electrons in Si and Ge are present is third and forth orbit. Their binding to nucleus is therefore less strong as compared to carbon. This reflects itself in a law value of energy gap as compared to carbon. 

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