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How much mass is in 0.25 gallon of liquid mercury (Hg)? Atmospheric air? 

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A volume of 1 gal equals 231 in3, see

 the density is in the range of 10 000 kg/m3 = 624.28 lbm/ft3, so we get 

m = ρV = 624.3 lbm/ft3 × 0.25 × (231/123) ft3 = 20.86 lbm

A more accurate value ρ = 848 lbm/ft3.

For the air that density is about 1 kg/m3 = 0.06243 lbm/ft3 so we get

m = ρV = 0.06243 lbm/ft3 × 0.25 × (231/123) ft3 = 0.00209 lbm

A more accurate value is ρ = 0.073 lbm/ft3 at 77 F, 1 atm. 

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