.(i)Two concerns which influenced the town planning in the nineteenth century were defence and health.
(ii)In many towns British built forts to protect their factories. Around the fort a vast open space was left open. This vast space was known as the Maidan.
(iii)It was done so that there would be no obstructions to a straight line of fire from the Fort against an advancing enemy.
(iv)Attempts were also made to improve the sanitation and cleanliness by creating open spaces in the city.
(v)For this purpose, in Calcutta many bazaars, ghats and burial grounds were cleared.
