A. True This is the cause of the hypertension.
B. False It is decreased as blood is diverted to alternative routes back to the great veins.
C. True Raised hydrostatic pressure increases filtration from visceral capillaries; fluid accumulates in the peritoneal cavity to cause ascites.
D. True By diverting blood away from oesophageal varices.
E. True The failure of the liver to detoxicate toxic end-products of protein metabolism in liver failure can lead to hepatic encephalopathy; bypassing the liver with a portocaval shunt may aggravate the condition, especially after an intestinal bleed.