a. False Intra-oesophageal pressure is similar to intrapleural pressure which is negative with respect to atmospheric pressure at the beginning of a normal inspiration.
b. True In both inspiration (ABD) and expiration (DCA) volume changes lag pressure changes, thus the relationship is a hysteresis loop, rather than the straight line AD.
c. True Since compliance is volume change per unit pressure change.
d. True The greater the airway resistance, the more does air flow lag behind pressure changes, hence the greater the hysteresis.
e. True During exercise, both pressure changes and lung volume changes increase so that tidal volume increases.