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Why are different water harvesting systems considered a viable alternative in a country like India.

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Different water harvesting systems are considered a viable alternative in a country like India because of the following reasons.

  • In ancient India, along with sophisticated hydraulic structures, there existed an extraordinary tradition of rainwater harvesting system.
  • People had in-depth knowledge of rainfall regimes and soil types and developed a wide range of rainwater harvesting techniques to harvest groundwater, rainwater, river water and flood water in keeping with the local ecological conditions and their water needs. 
  • For example, in the hilly and mountainous regions, people built diversion channels like guls or ‘kuls’ of western Himalayas for agriculture. Rooftop harvesting is practiced in Rajasthan to store drinking water. In West Bengal, people developed inundation channels to divert flood waters to irrigate their fields. In semi-arid and arid regions of Rajasthan, agricultural lands were converted into rain-fed storage structures that allowed the water to stand and moisten the soil like the khadins in Jaisalmer and Johads in other parts of Rajasthan.

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