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in Physics by (260 points)
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The pressure that has to be applied to the ends of a steel wire of length 10 cm to keep its length constant when its temperature is raised by 100°C is (For steel, Young's modulus is 2 x 1011 Nm-2 and coefficient If thermal expansion is 1.1 x 10-5 K-1)

(a) 2.2 x 108Pa 

(b) 2.2 x 109Pa 

(c) 2.2 x 107Pa 

(d) 2.2 x 106Pa

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1 Answer

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by (30.5k points)

The correct option is (a) 2.2 x 108 Pa

Explanation:

We have change in length due to the change in temperature (considering no obstruction) 

ΔL= αLΔT 

or 

ΔL= 1.1 x 10-5 x 0.10 x 100 = 1.1 x 10-4 m 

Now pressure which needs to be applied would be given using

F/A = Pressure = (ΔL x Y)/L = (1.1 x 10-4 x 2 x 1011)/0.1

(Here ΔL is the expansion prevented) 

= 2.2 x 108 Pa

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