Let f = {(x, y): x is a person, y is the mother of x}
Since, for each element x in domain set, there is a unique related element y in co-domain set.
Therefore, f is the function.
Injection test:
As, y can be mother of two or more persons
Therefore, f is not injective.
Surjection test:
For every mother y defined by (x, y), there exists a person x for whom y is mother.
So, f is surjective.
Therefore, f is surjective function.
(ii) Let g = {(a, b): a is a person, b is an ancestor of a}
As, the ordered map(a, b) does not map ‘a’ – a person to a living person.
Therefore, g is not a function.