(i) Chandu Menon from Malabar had translated the novel.
(ii) He realised that his readers in Kerala were not familiar with the way in which characters in English society lived. The direct translation of English novels was dreadfully boring and the Indian readers could not relate to the cultural or social context mentioned in the novels.
(iii) He wrote 'lndulekha', the first modem novel in Malayalam in the manner of an English novel.
