(a) Commensalism:-
Interaction where one species is benefitted and the other is neither benefitted nor harmed is called commensalism,
eg: Clone Fish living in company of sea Anemones.
(b) Parasitism:-
It is interspecific interaction in which small sized organism of one species obtains nourishment and spends a part or whole Of its life on or inside the body of large sized organism of other species,
eg: Plasmodium in human, liver fluke in snail and fish.
(c) Camouflage:-
Phenomenon of blending with surroundings with similar colour, marking, shape etc. to escape from predators and preys eg: Stick insect, leaf insect.
(d) Mutualism:-
Interaction confers benefits on both the interacting species, eg: Lichen (fungus + Algae); Rhizobium and legumes.
(e) Interspecific competition :-
struggle against, members of different species for obtaining some resource (food, water etc)
eg: roots of plant species in same area of a forest
→ It is a potent force in organic evolution.