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in Electromagnetic Waves Communication by (61.1k points)

Explain the process of modulation and demodulation. How they are used in message signal propagation?

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In electronics and telecommunication, modulation is process of varying one or more properties of periodic waveform, called the carrier signal, with modulating signal that typically contains information to be transmitted. Most radio systems in 20th century used frequency modulation (FM) or amplitude modulation (AM) to make the carrier carry radio broadcast.

In general Modulation is a process of conveying message signal. For example, a digital bit stream or an analog signal, inside another signal that can be physically transmitted. Modulation of a sine waveform transforms a narrow frequency range baseband message signal into a moderate to high frequency range passband signal, one that can pass through a filter.

Demodulation: Demodulation is extracting the original information-bearing signal from a modulated carrier wave. A demodulator is an electronic circuit (or computer programme) that is used to recover the information content from the modulated carrier wave. There are many types of modulation so there are many types of demodulators. The signal output from a demodulator may represent sound (an analog audio signal), images (an analog video signal) or binary data (a digital signal).

Differences between modulation and demodulation:

1. Modulation is the process of influencing data information on the carrier, while demodulation is the recovery of original information at the distant end from the carrier.

2. Modem is equipment that performs both modulation and demodulation.

3. Both process aim to achieve transfer information with minimum distortion, minimum loss and efficient utilization of spectrum.

4. Even though there are different methods for modulation and demodulation process, each has its own advantages and disadvantages. For example AM is used in shortwave and radio wave broadcasting. FM is mostly used in high-frequency radio-broadcasting and pulse modulation is known for digital signal modulation.

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