Challenges before 1990:
(i) Political scene was dominated by one party both at the Centre and in the States.
(ii) As and when the ruling party at the state level was different the parties that ruled at the Centre tried to undermine the power of the States.
(iii) The Central Government would often misuse the constitution to dismiss the State Government that were controlled by rival parties.
After 1990:
(i) Now the Centre and majority of State Governments belong to different political parties in coalition.
(ii) A number of regional parties have become powerful and play a crucial role at the Centre and States.
(iii) The era of "coalition" government at the Centre has inculcated respect for federal autonomy.
