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Describe the types of transpiration.

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Transpiration is of following three types: 

1. Stomatal transpiration 

2. Cuticular transpiration 

3. Lenticular transpiration 

1. Stomatal transpiration: 

Stomata are minute openings found in the epidermis of leaves and on herbaceous stems. About 90-97% of total water, absorbed by plants is lost through these openings. 

2. Cuticular transpiration: 

A waxy coating found on the surface of the outer wall of epidermal cells of aerial parts of plants is called cuticle.  

  • When loss of water occurs from the surface of leaves and herbaceous stem by direct evaporation from the epidermal cells through the cuticle, the process is called cuticular transpiration.
  • The amount of water lost through cuticle is very low and varies with the thickness of cuticle and accounts only 3 to 10% of the total water loss. 
  • In xerophytes, a very thick cuticle is found as an adaptation to reduce cuticular transpiration. 
  • Transpiration from the surface of herbaceous stems, fruits and floral parts is mostly cuticular. 
  • Cuticular transpiration takes place continuously during day and night. 

3. Lenticular transpiration: 

Lenticels are the minute areas found in the bark of woody stem and the fruits. These are filled with loosely arranged cells known as complementary cells. 

  • Loss of water from lenticels is called lenticular transpiration. 
  • Lenticular transpiration is negligible and accounts for only 0.1% of the total water loss. 
  • This also occurs continuously during day and night.

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