(i) Unity of Command :
This principle states that each subordinate should receive orders from only one boss or superior. When an employee gets orders and instructions from more than one boss, confusion and conflicts tend to arise. The subordinate may not be able to serve two or more superiors at a time. Fayol believed that, when two bosses exercise their authority over the same person, uneasiness is felt, order is disturbed.
(ii) Unity of Direction :
The principle of unity of direction states that there should be one head and one plan for the activities having the same objectives. In other words, the activities that have the same objective should be directed by one manager under one plan. This will ensure unity of action, and result in sound organisational structure.
