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in Man-Blood Vascular, System by (46.2k points)
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Describe the external structure of the Heart with the help of a well-labelled diagram.

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The external structure of Heart: 

  • The heart is situated in the thoracic cavity in between the lungs obliquely towards the left side. 
  • The anterior end of the heart is broad & it is called as a base. The posterior end is narrow & it is called an apex. 
  • The heart is covered by the pericardium.
  • There is a pericardial cavity between the pericardium & heart which is occupied by pericardial fluid. This fluid protects the heart from shocks & keeps the heart moist.

  • The walls of the heart are consist of three layers 

1.Epicardium-outermost 

2. Myocardium-middle layer & it is made up of Cardiac muscles. 

3.Endocardium-Inner layer 

  • The anterior part of the heart is called an auricular part & the posterior part is called a ventricular part. There is a coronary sulcus between these 2 parts. 
  • The auricular pair is smaller & less muscular. It is divisible into 2 equal left & right auricles with the help of an interauricular septum. 
  • During the embryonic stage, the interauricular septum bears an oval pore, the foramen ovals. This pore get closed later & its scar is called as fossa ovals

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