Main reasons of dissatisfaction with traditional approach & study methods:
1. Importance of politicians only, for policy – making and governance:
Political thinkers got dissatisfied from traditional study methods and their results by the end of 19th century. Only the politicians were given importance in policy – making and governance. Political institutions and knowledge, skills and experiences of researchers were ignored.
2. Stress on theory only:
Political thinkers felt that in traditionalism, only theoretical part was emphasized in study which was not reliable. Realistic and practical aspect was missing in study methods.
3. Unable to explain totalitarian ideologies:
Traditionalism failed to explain the rise and development and popularity of Facisfn Nazism, Racism, Totalitarianism, etc. Not only this, growing communalism was also becoming a threat for libral democracy, and the explanation and solution of totalitarianism was not possible through traditionalism.
4. Insufficient study methods:
Study method of traditionalism was explanatory. Even after continuous development and popularity of Political Science, the study method which was mainly explanatory, was considered to be insufficient.
5. Increasing curiosity for new and reliable methods and techniques:
Curiosity was increasing for new and reliable methods and techniques because of the development in other subjects like natural sciences and social sciences. It was felt that inter – disciplinary approach was necessary for the existence, preservation and development of Political Science. This fact proved to be an important step for the rise and development of Behaviouralism.
6. Circumstances after Second World War:
The atmosphere and circumstances which emerged after Second World War, especially in America, made the political thinkers feel that the researches done in western systems, their results and study methods can be useful for a limited area only. It is not possible to know about the real situation of underdeveloped countries and newly – liberated countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America through the traditional method. As a result, study of political system in cultural and international context was considered useful.
