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Write an essay on Lactation in Human.

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  • Prolactin (PRL) hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland during gestation period from 5th week up to parturition is responsible for the development of mammary glands.
  • It also promotes the secretion of milk from the breasts after the birth of the child. Besides this placenta also secretes human chorionic somatotropin (HCST) which is also helpful in milk secretion.
  • The secretion of prolactin from the anterior pituitary is stimulated by Oxytocin.
  • Up to three days since. parturition, the secretion of breasts is yellow fluid which is rich in proteins and lactose.
  • This fluid is called colostrum. It contains Immunoglobulins (IgA), which develops innate immunity in the newborn child.
  • Milk Secretion – milk → alveoli → ductule → mammary duct → mammary sinus → lactiferous duct → breast nipple → child sucks milk.
  • The neuroendocrine reflex is required for milk secretion.
  • Oxytocin hormone secretion from the pituitary gland is responsible for milk secretion.
  • When a newborn child sucks the milk of mother than somatic neural reflex reaches to the hypothalamus and it initiates oxytocin secretion from the posterior pituitary.
  • It facilitates milk ejection by contracting epithelial muscular cells of mammary gland so milk flow in tubules and child receive milk from nipples.
  • Prolactin secretion of the anterior pituitary is responsible for the synthesis of milk in the mammary glands.
  • While oxytocin hormone is responsible for milk secretion from mammary glands.
  • Milk secretion is a Conditional reflex in which milk secretion occurs by the combined action of Suckling reflex and Ejection reflex.
  • Breastfeeding is essential for 6 months after parturition for proper development of the child.

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