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Describe human development in the Neolithic period.

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Human development in the life of early human in the Neolithic period proved to be a milestone. Virtually the Neolithic period was the period of progressive development of the human life. In this period there were revolutionary changes in the area of basic needs of life, which we can understand in the following ways :

Development of Settlements : The basic concept of human development is hidden in community life. Establishment and development of settlements gave rise to community life. When the early man started farming, he immediately came to know that it was not enough to sow the seeds only. It was also necessary to take care of growing plants. Settlements were developed in such a situation in the initial stage. Later these settlements developed and became a village. This was the beginning of a systematic and organized life, which was a very important step towards human development.

Development of mixed agriculture : One important aspect of human development in the Neolithic era was also the development of mixed agriculture in this period. Mixed farming means that at this time, human grew crops and also took up animal husbandary. The use of animals was also important for carrying goods besides obtaining milk and meat. This got rid of unnecessary violence which was an important step in terms of human development. Due to mixed agriculture, food security of the Neolithic man was ensured, which led to increase in population. In such a situation the villages started growing and some of them become cities. In this way the process of human progress speed up.

Improve community life : Due to development of settlements and mixed agriculture the community life of Neolithic man improved. As a result of this division of labour came into being. Now the land, houses, utensils and ornaments were the property of different families. This community life of Neolithic era was a sophisticated form of community life of later stone period, in which the main occupations of human were only hunting and gathering fruits.

Development of various arts : Art has a very important place in human development. In Neolithic times, man made significant achievement due to the invention of stone tools, pottery, invention of wheel and the art of spinning and weaving. Due to their development the life of man became progressive. Due to the sophisticated stone tools, the agricultural work done by the human beings became easy and simple, the storage of grains and food was made easy due to the presence of pottery. Development of art of spinning and weaving was a great success of human intelligence, thereby the surest way of covering the body was developed. The invention of the wheel was the beginning of the technological revolution in the human development of Neolithic period. It gave rise to the first transport. It became easy to take the goods from one place to another by the wheeled cart. This streng thened community life and started a new socio-economic system.

Religious Life : Religious life is an intangible part of human development. In Neolithic time, man believed that the sun, the moon, the stars and other elements of nature possess exceptional power. They pleased them by worshipping them. It has been so in the present time also. It is evident from the above description that human development in the Neolithic period was remarkable and eventful.

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