Main teachings of Buddhism : The place of Buddhism in various religions of India is extremely important. The establishment of Buddhism was also done by the noble Kshatriya Mahatma Buddha like Jainism.
The major teachings of Buddhism are the following :
1. The four Noble truths are the basis of the philosophical thought of Buddhism. Gautam Buddha admitted that misery (sorrow) is in the entire world. Therefore, the person should pay attention to solve his problem.
For this, he preached the following four Noble truths as the basis of his principle :
(i) Sorrow,
(ii) Cause of sorrow,
(iii) Sorrow prevention,
(iv) Sorrow prevention path.
2. Gautam Buddha has given 8 remedies, which are known as ‘Astangik Marg’ (eight path) to remove grief, (i) Samyak Dristi, (ii) Samyak Sankalp, (iii) Samyak vani, (iv) Samyak Karma, (v) Samyak Aajeev, (vi) Samyak Prayatna, (vii) Samyak Smriti, (viii) Samyak Samadhi.
3. Gautam Buddha has described man as the creator of his own destiny, which is not ordained by any Goddess or deity or God. This is determined by the acts performed by man.
4. Gautam Buddha told that everything in the world is changeable, temporary and dynamic.
5. Gautam Buddha gave special emphasis on speaking truth, giving charity, purity of body and mind, love, compassion, patience and ethical rules like non-violence towards all beings.
6. According to Buddhism re-birth is impossible without the existence of soul. If a person does good deeds in his life, he gets higher life in the next life. It is also bad for doing evil deeds.
7. According to Gautam Buddha, man should avoid excessive pleasures of luxuries and excessive tribulation by the hard penance of the body.
8. According to Gautam Buddha there is some reason behind the existence of everything in the world. Due to birth there is old age and death.
9. According to Buddhism, the ultimate goal of life is Nirvana or Salvation. For obtaining salvation, it is necessary to eradicate Trishna or desire. Nirvana (salvation) is a stage of perfection in which man becomes free from the bonds of birth and death,
10. In order to keep his conduct pure, Gautam Buddha emphasized the need to follow the ten rules, which are known as the ‘Ten sheel’ of Buddhism. These are : Non-violence, truth, do not commit theft, do not collect items, Brahmacharya, Renunciation of rivalry, Sacrificial substance, untimely meal, avoid soft bed, sacrifice of Kanchan-Kamini (gold).
