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in Development of Nationalism in the World by (58.5k points)
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Which were the major obstacles in the unification of Germany? Explain in

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The main obstacles in Germany’s unification were the following :

  • The reactionary regime in Austria : Austria was a major powerful country in contemporary Europe’ politics. It was the major reactionary power in the unification of Germany. It kept its continued interference in Germany. The Austrian Chancellor Matternich cruelly suppressed the nationalist movements in Germany. 
  • Lack of intellectual awakening : The people living in German states were ignorant of the new ideas. Traditional ideas were prevalent here. The rulers here were narrow minded and the concept of a unified Germany was beyond their understanding. The thoughts of the intellectual class also differed on German unification. Some wanted Germany to unite under monarchy, or were divided on the question of the monarch. Some supported Prussia, while some sided with Austria. 
  • England’s interference : Like France, England also took interest in the German states. It maintained its interference in the northern states on the pretext of Hanover province. 
  • Mutual conflict among German states : National unity had no importance for German states. The rulers were engaged in constant conflict with other states to guard their freedom and interests. 
  • Social and economic differences in Germany : The whole of Germany was divided into small states, and each state was socially, economically and politically different from one another. It was because of these differences that the unification of Germany was very difficult. 
  • The opposition of France : The main centre of politics in Europe was the capital of France, Paris. France could not tolerate the rise of another powerful country on its borders at any cost. Thus, it was opposed to Germany’s unification.

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