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in The Earth: Form, Motions, Location and Calculations of Time by (58.5k points)
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Describe the state of the condition of solstices and equinoxes with suitable illustrations.

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There is always light on one part of the earth and darkness on the other. The line separating the light and dark part is called the ‘circle of Illumination’. Earth is in the state of summer solstice and winter solstice each year on June 21 and December 22 respectively. On 21st June and 22nd December, the horizontal position of the sun is on the Cancer and Capricorn line respectively. This position is formed in both the hemispheres due to the axial tilt of the Earth at 23 1/2.

On the 21st of June due to the of the Sun on in the northern hemisphere and winter season in the southern hemisphere. On the contrary, on December 22, there is an opposite situation. The perpendicular rays of the Sun occur on the Capricorn line, due to which there is winter season in the northern hemisphere and summer season in the southern hemisphere as sun rays perpendicular incidence on the earth is only between the Cancer and Capricorn lines (23 1/2 North and 23 1/2 South latitudes), so these two act as.

Transitions give mobility to the Earth and there is a change in the position of sun, stars and constellations. This change reflects life, for tune and newness on Earth. Many festivals and rituals are celebrated on the transcendences in different countries of the world. In our country, ‘Makar Sankranti has special significance. This change in the form of a festival is celebrated in whole of the country with joy. Sun worship is done and sesame seeds are consumed on this day. brings autumnal and movements have been demonstrated through the illustrations above.

Equinoxes: On 21st March and 23th September the position of the Sun is perpendicular on the equator. In this condition, the length of day and night on earth is almost equal. In the northern hemisphere begins the spring season from March 21, hence it is called Spring Equinox. On 23rd September, the sun’s arrival in the south of the equator. In this stage, the illumination circle divides the whole earth from pole to the pole in equal parts. Light in the front of the sun and dark in the opposite part. In the equinoxic condition, the sun rises in the east at 6 a.m. and it at almost the same time in the west in the evening.

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