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in Condensation and Rainfall by (42.9k points)
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What is condensation? Describe the forms of condensation.

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The process of change of water form gaseous state into liquid or solid state is called condensation. Condensation takes place if the air temperature goes below the dew point or if the amount of water vapor is increased.

Forms of condensation: Many forms of condensation are found in which dew, frost, cloud and fog are predominant. 

All these forms are described as follows:

1. Dew: In day time, the earth becomes warm and it becomes cold in the night, so some times the earth’s surface becomes so cold that the temperature of the air touching it falls below dew point. This leads to condensation of water vapor present in the air, and it deposits on leaves and other types of surfaces in the form of small droplets, which is called dew. 

For the formation of dew, it is necessary that:

  • Water vapor should be formed, and at the same time. 
  • The temperature should be so low on the surface that it can cool off the air and make the vapor condense.

2. Frost: When the water vapor present in the air is condensing and the temperature of the air is 0° or less, then the water vapor takes the form of a solid or snowflake that is the frost. For form to frost, it is necessary that the temperature of the air continues to drop rapidly for long and the sky is cloudless and the air contains water vapor and the temperature of the air is below the freezing point.

3. Fog: It originates from water vapor condensation near the surface. Fog reduces atmospheric transparency. When the visibility of the ground or the atmosphere decreases below 1 kilometer, then this form of condensed water vapor is called fog. It is necessary for the formation of fog that the temperature of the air falls below dew point and wind speed be slow. Depending on the visibility, the fog is of the following types: Light, simple, intensive and highly dense. The fog visibility is measured by the instrument named transmissometer. The condition of the visibility being slightly low is called mist.

4. Clouds: The gigantic mass of water particles or snowflakes formed by the condensation of water vapor in the open air, at high altitude, is called cloud. Clouds are found up to a height of 12,000 meters. Cloud is formed at various altitudes from the surface of the Earth.So these are of different types. Therefore, on the basis of their height, density, expansion and transparency, 

The clouds have been divided into the following types:

  • cirrus clouds 
  • cumulus clouds 
  • stratus clouds 
  • nimbus clouds.
by (45 points)
The process in water waper changes into  is called condensation. The opposite of evaporation
If we heat water vaper and when we cold it turn to solid
That process is called condensation

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