Water bodies occupy an important place in oceanography. The oceanic condition with a certain temperature, salinity and density is recognized usually in the form of a certain water body. The oceans, refractory seas, bays and lakes are included in the water bodies. In the distribution of water bodies found in the oceanic regions,
The following water bodies are the major ones:
1. Antarctica Coastal water body.
2. North Atlantic Coastal water body.
3. Antarctica Intermediate water body.
4. North Pacific Intermediate water body.
5. Central water body.
6. Equatorial water body.
The description of all these water bodies is as follows:
1. Antarctica Coastal water body: This water body is found in the south of the Indian ocean and the Atlantic Ocean near the Antarctica continent. Its extensive form is found in the Wad – dell Sea. The amount of salinity increases due to the increase in freezing point of water near the continental shelf. In this part, the salinity of water is 34.62 %o, temperature is -1.9 degree Celsius and density is 27.89.
The density of water increases by attaining the ice point and it sits in the bottom, because the water of the proximate sea is relatively warm, in which the salinity is 34.68 %o , temperature is 0.5 degree Celsius and density is 27.84. This is a particular type of water which spreads in the bottom and by the mixture it takes the form of a specific water body.
2. North Atlantic Coastal water body: This water body is found between Labrador Sea and Iceland and Southern Greenland. Here, the warm and saline water of the North Atlantic Oceanic stream cools down on coming in contact with the Eastern Greenland stream and its density increases. The convergence of this water occurs at more than 1000 meters depth. At that point, its density is 27.88, salinity is 34.90 % and temperature is between 2.8 degree Celsius to 3.3 degree Celsius.
3. Antarctica Intermediate water body: This is originated by Antarctica bending area. Its origin is all around the Antarctica continent. The actual cause of the origin is not known, but it is important to note that its salinity 33.8 %, temperature 2.2 degree Celsius and density 27.0 is the same at all the places, and the zone of the fast Westerlies Winds is an area of its influence.
4. North Pacific Intermediate water body: This water body is originated towards the north – east near 40 degree north latitude in the Pacific Ocean. The lack of oxygen is found in its water. Due to the spread in the southern and western direction, the other type of water is also included in half of this region. This is the reason, the properties of this water body are not alike even after converging.
5. Central water body: These water bodies are found between 35 degree to 42 degree northern and southern latitudes in the regions of winter sub – tropical convergence. These water bodies are usually found between the equator and poles. In these water bodies, the amount of temperature and salinity on the surface decreases in the direction of high latitudes, but the density increases, thickness of these water bodies is not much.
Their maximum depth is found at 900 m in the Sargasso Sea. The relation of the temperature and salinity of this water body located in the Pacific Ocean the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean is not equal. In these water bodies, the temperature ranges from -0.8 degree Celsius to -1.2 degree Celsius and the amount of salinity ranges from 34.89 to 34.92%.
6. Equatorial water body: This water body is located along the equatorial line in the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. Due to the special shape of the Atlantic Ocean, this water body is not at all found in this ocean. More hot water is found here and the thickness of water body is between 100 and 200 meters. The temperature and salinity of water changes with the climatic change.
