Indian Councils Act, 1909 introduced a new communal election system in India. This Act introduced a system of communal representation for Muslims by accepting the concept of separate electorate. Under this set, Muslim members were to be elected only by the Muslim voters. Thus, the act legalized communal-ism and Lord Minto came to be known as the Father of Communal Electorate. The Indian Councils Act, 1909 also provided separate representation of presidency corporations, chambers of commerce, universities and zamindars.
