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Write the economic importance of gymnosperms.

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  1. Vascular tissue: Plant possess well developed vascular tissues i.e., xylem and phloem. The vessels are absent in the xylem (except Gnetales) and companion cells and sieve tube are absent in phloem.Gymnosperms have albuminous cells and sieve cells. Vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and open.
  2. Secondary growth occurs and annual rings are distinct in most of the gymnosperms.
  3. The wood formed after secondary growth is called soft wood because in it vessels are absent.
  4. Plants show xerophytic adaptation such as thick cuticle and sunken stomata on leaf.

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