Various species have become extinct from time immemorial, and due to genetic diversity, new species keep evolving according to the changing environment. But in the last century, through human, scientific and technological advancements, bio – diversity has been greatly degraded due to human exploitation of the nature at the highest level to elevate his standard of living.
As a result, the natural extinction rate of different species has increased from one species per decade to 100 species per decade in various ecosystems. If this rate of extinction continues to grow like this then many species of plants and organisms will become extinct in the near future. Therefore, due to human impact, the surviving species at present are at risk of extinction.
At present, the destruction of natural habitats of animals and their hunting, increasing pollution as a result of human economic activity, is the main human reason for the decline of bio – diversity. As a result of some other natural causes, the decline in bio – diversity has increased. In these natural factors, global warming, climate change, thinning of ozone layer, acid rain, etc. are the major ones.
