Physiographic regions extend a major contribution in the formation of the soils. In India, different soils are found according to the respective physiographic regions. The mountain soil with larger particles is found in the nearby zones of northern mountainous regions which has lesser organic substances and is less fertile. The sandy soil is found in the deserts. It is arid and has very low capacity of absorbing water.
In the central part of India, alluvial clayey soil, deposited by the rivers is found, which has a good quantity of humus and so it is very good for crop cultivation. In the southern plateau region of India, black soil, which has no humus, is found. Alkaline and saline soils containing salt are found in the coastal regions of India. In this way, Indian soils have formed according to their physiographic regions.