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Explain the Jet Stream hypothesis regarding the origin of Monsoon.

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Jet – stream hypothesis is the latest theory regarding the origin of monsoon and has earned worldwide acceptance from the meteorologists. Under this hypothesis, the responsible factors for the origin of monsoon are not only the climatic conditions, but the wind circulation in the troposphere is also equally responsible. The winds blowing in the troposphere are called the high level air circulation. In this circulation, wind with rapid speed blows, that is known as the Jet Stream. With the seasonal changes, these winds get displaced and thus the summer and winter monsoons originate

Jet – stream and winter monsoon: In the winter, as the sun moves towards the southern direction, all the winds along with the atmospheric belts start moving towards south. At the same time, Jet – stream also moves towards the south. The location of Tibetan plateau divides the jet stream into two branches. One of its branches starts moving to the south of Tibetan Plateau. Due to the movement of the zone of winds towards south, the southern flow of jet Stream falls between 20° to 25° northern latitudes. This is why “the origin of winter monsoon takes place in India. The entrance of cyclonic disturbance in India is also a gift of this current.

Jet – Stream and summer monsoon: As the sun starts moving towards the north, the zones of atmospheric pressure along with the zones of all the winds also start moving to the north. In this period, the flow of jet streams also moves to the north of Tibetan Plateau. Due to such condition, winds blow from the Indian Ocean region towards the north. Rainfall occurs due to abundance of humidity in these oceanic winds which is responsible for the summer monsoon in India.

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