Rqjasthan is the largest state in India with the viewpoint of area. There are topographical variations due to its large size. With the viewpoint of relief, Rajasthan has been divided into the following physical regions:
1. Western desert region
2. Aravalli mountainous region
3. Eastern plains
4. South – Eastern plateau region
Description of South – Eastern plateau region:
Origin: This part of Rajasthan is a region of ancient Gondwanaland which originated by the process of tectonic reaction and was formed by the lava coming out from volcanic eruption, that’s why its soil is black in colour.
Extension: The physical region of Rajasthan is extended in the south-eastern part. 9 per cent of total area of Rajasthan has been covered by this plateau region. Mainly, districts of Kota, Bundi, Jhalawar and Chittorgarh are included in it. The lava mixed rocks and Vindhyan rocks are found here. The average height of this region from sea level is 500 meters. The rivers like Chambal, Parvati, Kali Sindh and Parvan flow in this plateau region.
On the basis of structure of rocks, this region of Rajasthan has been divided into two parts:
1. Vindhyan Scarpland.
2. Lava plateau of deccan.
1. Vindhyan Scarpland: This area is mainly formed of sandy and limestone rocks. The average height of this area varies from 350 to 550 meters from sea level. The mouth of the Scarp land is sequentially towards the south – east and eastern direction between the rivers Banas and Chambal. This part has extended into Sawai Madhopur, Karauli and Dholpur along the side of Chambal.
2. Lava plateau of Deccan: It is broad and elevated rocky area of south eastern Rajasthan. It is made of sandy and limestone rocks. Its eastern and southern part is covered with lava. The fertile black soil is found here which is very useful for the cultivation of cotton and groundnuts. The river Chambal and its tributaries Kali Sindh and Parvati have made this a triangular alluvial plain. The deposits of rocks are seen in this area. Kota – stone that is found in this region has gained world-wide name and fame and is renowned in the entire world for its superb quality.
