To maintain the quality and fertility of soil, the following steps should be taken:
1. The overflow of water causes the problem of water logging, due to which the fertile elements of soil are washed out. Hence, excessive water flow must be controlled.
2. To control the salinity of soil, the crops like barley, cotton, maize etc. should be cultivated.
3. To retain the nitrogen in the soil, pulse crops such as gram, kidney bean, etc. should be cultivated periodically.
4. The use of fertilizers, chemicals, pesticides and germicides must be minimized in agriculture, and green manure, compost and bio-manure should be used.
5. The soils must be examined in laboratories from time to time.
6. Minerals such as gypsum, calcium should be mixed into the soil, if required.