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Define genes. Make the list of contrasting traits of pea plant studied by Mendel.

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Mendel concluded from his experiment that the factors which is responsible for a particular structural and physiological characteristics of the organism are present in pairs which now a days called genes. Mendel performed hybridisation experiment in pea plant with reference to the following seven pairs of contrasting characters.

Plant character Dominant character Recessive character
Length of plant Tall Dwarf
Position of flowers Axillary Terminal
Form of pod Inflated or flat Constricted
Colour of unripe pod Green Yellow
Colour of seed Round Wrinkled
Shape of seedcoat Grey White
Colour of cotyledons Yellow Green

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