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Illustrate the teaching of Buddha philosophy.

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The basis of his philosophical thought is four noble truths:

  • Sufferings 
  • Cause of suffering 
  • Eradication of sufferings 
  • Path to eradicate sufferings.

1. Sufferings: World is full of sufferings – birth-death, Sanyog-Viyog, profit-loss, etc. all are sufferings. 

2. Cause of suffering: Trishna (Laalsa) is the cause of all sufferings. 

3. Eradication of sufferings: Eradication of greed, attachment, Vaasna can bring happiness. 

4. Path to eradicate sufferings: Ashtangik Marg (eight-fold path). It is also called medium path.

Ashtangik Marg 

1. Right belief (Samyak Drishti): Differentiation among Satya, Asatya, Papa, Punya develops faith in four noble truths. 

2. Right thought: Have firm-determination to keep away from Trishna. 

3. Right speech: Speak truth everyday in sweet voice.

 4. Right action: Always do right deeds . 

5. Right means of livelihood: Earn your livelihood in a honest way. 

6. Right efforts: Do hardwork for indulging your body in right work. 

7. Right remembrance: Always keep your mistakes in mind while doing work, next time, do it wisely and carefully. 

8. Right meditation: Do meditation for concentration and controlling Mana.

Buddha gave stress on character and morality/ He asked his disciples to remain pure by mind, body and soul. For this he asked to follow ten characters.

These can be called 10 rules of good character:

1. Follow Ahimsa (Ahimsa) 

2. Sacrifice of lie (Truth) 

3. Do not steal (Asteya) 

4. Not doing collection of things (Aparigriha) 

5. Keep away from Kama (Brahmachaiya) 

6. Sacrifice of music and dance 

7. Sacrifice of scented things 

8. Not taking food untimely 

9. Sacrifice of soft matress and 

10.Sacrifice of beautiful things (Kamini Ranchan).

The first five rules should be followed by all Grihasthas and Sanyasis. By following these five rules one can go ahead on the path of Moksha without leaving physical world, but the man who want to be an Ascetic or Bhikshu has to follow all ten rules.

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