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Give the life sketch of Lord Mahavira and Gautam Buddha.

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Vardhman Mahavir: He was born in 599 BC in Kundagram near Vaishali in Kshatriya Kul. His childhood name was Vardhman. His father’s name Siddhartha and mother’s name Trishla. His mother was sister of king Chetak belonged to Lichchvi Ganrajya. He became an ascetic at the age of 30 after the death of his parents. He left his home in search of truth by the permission of his elder brother Nandivardhan. He had to face difficulties during rigorous meditation. He lived without food and clothes. After 12 years, he attained knowledge on the bank of river Rizupalika. He was then called with names Jin (winner), Nirgranth (free from doubt) and Mahavir, etc. After attaining enlightment, he started giving right way of life to people. To propagate his thoughts, he roamed place to place. His thoughts reached to Magadha, Kashi and Kaushla. Due to his true teachings, many people became his followers. Slowly number of his followers increased. He breathed his last at the age of 72 years at Pavapuri in 527 BC. He left behind him 14 thousand disciples.

Gautam Buddha: He was born in 563 BC in Kapilvastu Ganrajya near North Bihar in Shakya dynasty in Kshatriya Kul. His father’s name was Shuddhodhan. His mother Mayadevi gave him birth in Lumbini on the way when she was going to her parents’ place. His childhood name was Siddharth. Unfortunately his mother died after seven days of the birth of Siddharth. Hence, he was brought up by his aunt Prajapati Gautami right from his childhood. He was very kind and philosophical minded. He had no interest in world. By seeing such an attitude, his father got him marry with a princess named Yashodhra. After spending 10 years of married life, his ascetic mana could not love this physical world. He left his wife and son Rahul, father Shushoddhan, and went in search of enlightment. This event of Siddhartha’s life is stated as ‘Mahabhinish kraman’ in Buddha literature.

He lived 7 years as a sage. First of all, he went to Alar Kalam of Vaishali for knowledge but it could not fulfil his thirst. Then he went to Udrak Ramput at Rajgriha still he was not satisfied then he reached to Uruvela forests. There he did meditation with his five disciples including Kandinya at the bank of river Niranjana. He became very weak physically. Still he was not satisfied so he started taking meals leaving Tapasya. By seeing such change in him, his disciples left him. But Siddhartha sat for Tapa under a Peepal tree with firm determination. He attained enlightment after rigorous penance of 7 days on Vaishakh Purnima, and that day on wards he was named Buddha.

The Peepal tree under which he attained enlightment became famous as Bodhvriksh. He gave his first sermon to two Banjaras named Tapassu and Mallik at Bodh Gaya. Then he reached to Sarnath to preach his teachings to common people. He made contact with his 5 disciples. He gave them Diksha. This event in Bodh religion is called Dharmachakra-Parivartan. He left his body at the age of 80 in 483 BC in Kushinagar near Gorakhpur. This event of leaving his body is called Mahaparinirvan.

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