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Describe the art of ancient India.

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Art of Ancient India: 

Architecture: The monuments of architecture are found in three forms: 

1. Pillars 

2. Stupas and buildings 

3. Rock-cut caves.

Pillars: Pillars are excellent examples of Indian architecture. There are 30 pillars found in different parts of India built by king Ashoka. Indian and foreign archaeologists have considered these Ashoka pillars as the best wealth of Indian architecture. These pillars are thin at upper part and thick from bottom. They are heavy and long. Having length about 40 to 50 feet, they are built from one piece of stone. A special type of paste is used on these pillars. The smoothness, polish and brightness of them make people surprised. Their polish shines like glass even today.

Stupas and Bhawans (Buildings): Stupas are like high mounds ‘Gumbavdar’ monuments made up of bricks or stones. Among stupas in central India near Bhopal, Stupa of Sanchi is the most famous. By observing beauty and art of monuments and buildings, the Chinese traveller Fa-Hien had written that these buildings can’t be built by man of this world, they might be built by Gods.

Rock-cut caves: They have their own importance. By cutting hard rocks of mountains, dwelling places, worship places and meeting places were built which is a unique style of Indian architecture

Art of Sculptor: Ancient India’s sculptor art is the best in Bhava, Spiritualism, Aura, Naturality, posture and beauty. In ancient sculptors, Varahavatar, statue of Udaigiri, Krishna’s birth sculptors of Pathari. In Devgarh temple, idol of Vishnu lying on bed of Sheshnaga and in Mandor (Jodhpur) idols having glimpses of the life of Lord Krishna are very attractive. Stone idols of Buddha at Sarnath and Mankuwar, a big copper idol of Buddha of Sultanganj, idols of four lions on pillar of Sarnath built by king Ashoka are the best examples of ancient Indian sculptor art. The idols of Greater India- Saraswati, Ganesha, Laxmi, Vishnu, Shiva, Brahma have attractive form.

Painting: The best examples of Indian picture art are cave paintings of Ajanta, Gwalior and Bagh caves. By observing the paintings of Ajanta, it can be said that Indian artists have not left any part of man’s life. In paintings different types of body postures, face impressions, Bhav Bhangima, costumes (Vesh Bhusha), hair style, beauty and complexion are beautifully painted. Trees, plants, leaves and different scenes of Buddha’s life are painted. These paintings are so beautiful that no one can follow them.

Art of Music: Under the shelter of kings, the three organs of music- Gayan (singing), Udan (playing) and Nritya (dancing) flourished. Many centres of music prevailed in ancient India.

Art of Impression: In coins of ancient rulers, a combination of Indianism, Nationalism, Artism and beauty is seen. Rulers, according to their style, manufactured the coins of gold and silver.

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