Abundance of diversities in vegetation and domestic and wild life in any natural region means bio-diversity. India has 40% of the world’s biodiversities. There are about 81,000 animal and 45,000 vegetation species in India. The biodiversity is very important for the formation and consistency of nature. The environmental balance is maintained by plants and animals. Any sort of destruction of organism may be dangerous for nature and environment. The bio-diversity is being adversely affected, mainly due to the construction of large dams, industrialization, intensive cultivation, necessity of habitat and food for increasing population.
Loss of bio-diversity gives rise to many adverse situations as hole in ozone layer, increase in temperature, fall in rainfall, floods, droughts, pollution, expansion of deserts, etc. IUCN is working at the international level for the conservation of biodiversity. Its headquarter is at Switzerland.
It has become very essential to work for the conservation of biodiversity. Efforts are being made in our country to conserve it by developing National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves areas, etc. Major of them are the Indian Forest Research Institute at Dehradun; Indian Botanical Garden, Kolkata; Ecological Research Institute, Bangaluru, and National Environmental Institute, Nagpur; etc.
