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Explain the different points of the Code of Conduct of Consumption.

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The Code of Conduct for Consumption was laid down by ancient Indian economists, the main points of which are the following:

i. Consumption of that money only which is earned through justified means : A person should do morally- acceptable consumption through wealth obtained by proper means. The basic objective of agriculture, trade, commerce, etc. activities is to remove the insufficiencies of man and making him happy, but consumption through money earned by unjust means is useless.

ii. Prohibition on consuming comfort alone : A person should not consume alone. One should not consume before feeding poor people who have no means of livelihood.

iii. Balanced consumption is health-promoting : Chanakya and Manu say that balanced consumption is beneficial for health and longevity. The right of man is only over that much which satisfies his hunger.

iv. Morality in Consumption : Manu gives morality a prominent place in consumption of things. Provision of punishment has been made for people who consume by stealing things. Shukra consider the consumption of gambling, wine, etc. vices as improper.

v. Prohibition on Excessive Consumption : Shukracharya writes that people who harbor high aspirations with regard to consumption, even the things available in the entire universe are not sufficient to fulfill their desire. Therefore consumption is definitely the most important priority, however, beggary and poverty has been considered to be as bad as death even in life.

vi. Prohibition of Debt : Based Consumption- It has been directed in ancient economic thought to spend methodically and sensibly the self-earned and self-owned money. It is mentioned in Rigveda that one should not have to mention one’s poverty before a wealthy man. The lack of money should not trouble me. Poverty should not approach me. We should live in debt-free sunshine and be comfortable in sufficiency of food. This does not mean that loans are not taken. When in want and adversity, loan was taken, but it was directed that loans should be repaid at the earliest. ‘

vii. Prohibition on Miserliness : In ancient Indian thought, stress had been laid on balance and restrained consumption and miserliness has been condemned. Miserliness strips a man to nakedness. A miser cannot utilize the money he receives. A miser’s wealth is akin to the grains collected by mice. This does not provide any comfort or happiness to the accumulator. The consumption should be done, by doing away with miserliness. Miserliness and non-performances of charity has been incessantly and strongly condemned in Indian Philosophy because miserliness effectively reduces the demand in society, increases unemployment and destroys the objective of justified distribution in society.

viii. Hoarding of food grains and Consumption : Food grains should not be accumulated more than our needs and storage and collection should be done for a minimum period of time. If grains are hoarded in excess of needs, the surplus should be distributed among needy people. Water stored in seas is not fit for drinking, whereas the water falling from clouds in the sea is pure. Hoarding creates many problems, because the king, relatives and thieves have an eye on it. However, it is necessary for the king to collect and store, since food grains are needed to face adverse situations like famine, floods, drought, etc. and to supply food for servants and employees.

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