Following are the reasons :
1. The anti-Indian economic and political policies, land settlement systems and collection of excessive land revenue during the British period.
2. Among Indian industries, the handicraft industry declined.
3. Faulty trade policies were implemented, for example – implementation of antiIndian trade policy.
4. Development of basic infrastructure for vested interest of the British.
5. Backwardness and lack of social indicators such as education and healthcare facilities.