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Write the main pollutants, harmful effects and control of sound pollution.

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Definition :

  1. The disturbing or excessive noise that may harm the activity or balance of human or animal life is called as
    sound pollution.
  2. It is a form and level of environmental sound that is generally considered likely to annoy, distract or even harm other people.

Measurement of Sound Pollution :
The excessive of loudness of sound is called as sound pollution. The sound loudness is measured in decibal (dB) unit. i.e. decibel (dB) is the unit of measurement of sound loudness. It is measured with the help of Decibel meter or Larm barometer.

The unit of sound frequency is Hertz. The human capacity to hear sound is 20 to 20,000 Hertz.

80 dB or more sound loudness in the environment is called as sound pollution. The sound lever in normal conversation is 60 dB. The sound level above 90 dB is harmful for human beings. The upper tolerance limit of human beings is 120 dB. Some of the sound values of different sources are as follows :-

  • Audible sound — 15 dB or more
  • Quite office/room — 30 dB
  • Average home — 50 dB
  • Normal conversation — 60 dB
  • High ways — 60 dB or 80 dB
  • Shouting — 90 dB
  • Industries and Machine — 110 dB
  • Intolerable sound (DJ etc.) — 130 dB
  • Jet aeroplane sound — 150 dB
  • Rocket engine sound — 180 dB

Sources of Sound Pollution :
The various sources of sound pollution are as follows :

  1. Noise by Industries : The mechanization increased the production but simultaneously the sound pollution is also increased. This sound pollution indirectly harmful for out health. In various industries, the sound level is increasing 120 dB or more.
  2. Noise by Aeroplanes : Aeroplanes are the bigger sources of noise pollution. They produce sound of 150 dB or more. The houses and building develop around the airports develop cracks and the persons residing close to airports losing hearing and developing irritability.
  3. Noise by Motor Vehicles : Numbers of motor vehicles is increasing with the population to provide.transportation. They are causing noise pollution which is more in big cities like Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai etc.
  4. Noise by Loud speakers and Generators : Nowadays, the use of loudspeaker is increased in various programs, as a result sound pollution is increased enormously.
    To keep constant supply of electricity, generators are used in factories, markets and houses, The generators produce sound pollution.

Effects of Sound Pollution :
The various harmful effects of sound pollution are as follows:

  • Gradual loss of hearing and may be complete deafness.
  • It causes irritability and restlessness.
  • It may cause ulcers in the small intestine.
  • Sudden excessive sound may lead to abortion.
  • Insomnia.
  • Reduce in working capacity.
  • Loss of hunger
  • Increase in B.P.

Control of Noise Pollution :

  1. We have to control the noise in the industries by using proper measures. Industries should be in outer areas.
  2. Air ports should be far away from the population.
  3. Dense plantation is required around the industries and air ports.
  4. Use of loudspeakers and generators should be banned.
  5. Making the public aw are regarding deleterious effects of noise pollution.

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