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Explain El-Nino effect.

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El-Nino effect :

El-Nino is a weather phenomenon and this name was given by fisherman of South America in 1960.

El Nino is a Spanish name which means The little boy or Christ Child. The name was chosen based on the time of year (around December and Near the birth of Jesus) during which these warm water events tend to occur.

The sea currents that cause fluctuations in water also affect the environment. One of them is El Nino effect. It is caused by the warming of the pacific ocean near the equator, off the coast of South America. This occurs when the normal trade winds weaken, which lets the warm water flow towards the east. This warm water displaces the cooler water (found near the surface of the eastern Pacific) setting off atmospheric changes that effect weather patterns in many parts of the word.

The effects of El Nino are strong and can wreak havoc on weather systems around the word. Along the Pacific coast of the America, El Nino can cause severe storms and flooding. Peru and Ecuador usually receive the brunt of the force of El Nino. During the month of April to October, this area experiences increased rain fall. During El Nino year the colder water is replaced by the wanner water that lack the nutrients (food source of marine life). This nutrient deficient water starves the bottom of the food chain and the effects cause a die-off of large fish. The El Nino causes drought in the western Pacific region and may cause the dangerous bush fire in Australia.

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