According to Amartya Sen, two phases (stages) should be adopted for the measurement of poverty. In the 1st stage, it should be determined how much each individual received and on this basis it should be determined on what basis should the standard of per person income be fixed to ascertain poverty. In the second stage, it should be estimated how bad the situation is. Ozzler, Dutt and Ravaillian used the “Poverty gap ratio” and “Squared poverty gap ratio” to measure this.
