Erik Erickson : Erickson like Homey emphasized (1902-1944) the importance of thinking process of conscious mind unlike Freud whose primary focus was an unconscious mind. Erickson developed a new approach of developmental milestone. He introduced eight stages a psycho social development where he described the 8 chief conflict areas of crises along with their respective favorable and unfavorable outcomes which play key role in personality development at that particular stages
Stage |
Crisi |
Favourable outcome |
Unfavourable Outcome |
1st |
Trust vs Mistrust |
Faith in environment and Future events |
Suspicion fear of future events. |
2nd |
autonomy vs Shame and doubt |
Asense of self control and adequacy |
Felling of shame and doubt on self. |
3rd |
Initiatives vs Guilt |
To self start initiate one's own activity |
All alone a sense of inadequacy and guilt. |
4th |
Industry vs inferiority |
Learns how things word, can understand and organise material |
Feels a sense of inferiority in understanding and organising and guilt. |
5th |
Identify vs rule confusion |
Perceiving oneself as unique and integrated individual |
Confusion over one really is. |