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Explain the term Disability. State the various services available for the rehabilitation of the disabled, in India.

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Disability : Disability means an inability to do work. It is a state of an individual when he/she is not able to work efficiently. It may be present from birth, or occur during a person’s lifetime. It may be physical, cognitive, mental, sensory, emotional, developmental, or combination of these. Disabilities cover impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. Impairment is a problem in body function or structure; an activity limitation is a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action; while a participation restriction is a problem experienced by an individual in involvement with the life situations. Thus, disability is a complex phenomenon, reflecting an interaction between features of a person’s body and the environment of the society where he or she lives.

Various services available for the rehabilitation of the disabled India :

1. Rehabilitation Council of India, New Delhi : Regulation of training policies and programs in Person with disability (PWD) rehabilitation. 

2. National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research, Cuttack, Odisha: coordinates training for rehabilitation personnel, service delivery programs for rehabilitation, vocational training, placement and rehabilitation of persons with mobility disability. 

3. Society for Rehabilitation and Research of the Handicapped, New Delhi : A organization of Person with disability (PWD) rehabilitation, Co-education school for age group 16-30 with hearing impairment. 

4. Association for Advancement and Rehabilitation of Handicapped, New Delhi: A organization of Person with disability (PWD) rehabilitation, Social awareness and occupational center for persons with intellectual disability. 

5. Amar Joyti Research and Rehabilitation Center, New Delhi formed in 1981: A organization for Person with disability. 

6. Indian Red Cross Society established in 1920. It has around 400 branches all over India. 

7. All India Blind Relief Society formed in 1946 coordinates with various institutions of blind. It works for the welfare of blind. 

8. Artificial limb Manufacturing Corporation in Kanpur provides artificial limbs to disabled. 

9. Kamayani School for Mentally Handicapped, Pune, formed in 1964 provides work and training for handicapped persons. 

10.National Institute for the Mentally Handicapped, Secunderabad, provides training and rehabilitation for persons with learning disability.

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