The basic principles of scientific management are as follows :
(i) Science not Rule of Thumb: Each and every job and the method of doing it should be based on scientific study and analysis rather than on trial and error. The task to be performed should be scientifically planned. The materials, equipment and working condition should be standardised. The amount of work to be done should be decided through objective study.
(ii) Harmony not Discord: There should be healthy co-operation between employer and employees. Taylor advocated a complete mental revolution on the part of both management and workers. Management should adopt an enlightened attitude and share the gains of productivity’ with workers. Workers on their part should work with discipline and loyalty.
(iii) Maximum not Restricted Output: Conflict between management and workers arises mainly on the division of surplus. Taylor suggested that the best way to resolve the conflict is to increase the size of surplus so that each side can have a larger share. Management and w orkers have a common interest in increasing productivity.
(iv) Division of Work and Responsibility: Taylor suggested separation of planning from operational work. Management should concentrate on planning the job of workers and workers should concentrate on the performance of work.
(v) Scientific Selection, Training and Development of Workers: Workers should be selected and trained to keep in view the job requirements. Each and every worker should be encouraged to develop his full potential.
