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Explain different types of elements present in the phloem.

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Phloem is a living tissue in vascular plants which conducts the soluble organic compounds synthesized during photosynthesis downwards from the leaves. 

The constituents of phloem are: 

• Companion cells – it appears to check the activity of the adjacent sieve element and participates in loading and unloading of the sugar into the sieve element 

Sieve tubes – these elongated living cells, conveys carbohydrates, chiefly sucrose from leaves to roots and fruits 

• Phloem fibres – they are commercially useful as they possess great pliability and tensile strength 

• Phloem parenchyma – also known as transfer cells, they are found near the finest branches, ends of sieve tubes in leaf veinlets, functional here in conveying food

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