Sample space,
S = {A, B, C, D, E, A}
∴ n (S) = 6
i. Let R be the event that ‘A’ appears on the upper face.
∴ R = {A, A}
∴ n(R) = 2
∴ P(R) = \(\frac{n(R)}{n(S)}\) = 2/6
∴ P(R) = 1/3
ii. Let Q be the event that ‘D’ appears on the upper face.
Total number of faces having ‘D’ on it = 1 Q = {D}
∴ n(Q) = 1
∴ P(Q) = \(\frac{n(Q)}{n(S)}\)
∴ P(Q) = 1/6
∴ P(R) = 1/3; P(Q) = 1/6